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FAT directory entry
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FAT directory entry
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A FAT file system has two basic types of directory, the root directory and subdirectories. On FAT12 and FAT16, the root directory is in a fixed location, just after the FAT, and it is a fixed size. On FAT32, the start of the root directory is defined in the BPB, and the directory can be any length.
A directory is made up of 0x20 byte records. The only difference between a root and subdirectory, is that the sub directory always starts with two records showing the current location, and the parent directory location. These entries are ". " and ".. ". The file attribute for both is 0x10 showing it is a subdirectory. Typically, the first entry for a root directory is the volume label, with a file attribute of 0x08
Root directory
000000 50 4F 57 45 52 53 48 4F - 54 20 20 08 00 00 00 00 POWERSHOT
000010 00 00 00 00 00 00 C7 09 - 49 37 00 00 00 00 00 00 Ç I7
000020 E5 4D 47 5F 31 36 39 36 - 4A 50 47 20 00 1B 8B 86 åMG_1696JPG ‹†
000030 49 37 4C 37 00 00 4A B5 - 46 37 02 00 74 82 2C 00 I7L7 JµF7 t‚,
000040 E5 4D 47 5F 31 36 32 36 - 4A 50 47 20 00 89 8D 86 åMG_1626JPG ‰†
000050 49 37 49 37 00 00 0B 01 - 43 37 44 16 18 C7 43 00 I7I7 C7DÇC
000060 E5 54 4C 41 4E 54 41 20 - 4A 50 47 20 18 2E 6B 97 åTLANTA JPG .k—
000070 49 37 4D 37 00 00 05 0E - 3E 35 28 38 75 11 04 00 I7M7 >5(8u
000080 E5 45 41 43 48 20 20 20 - 4A 50 47 20 18 70 6B 97 åEACH JPG pk—
000090 49 37 4A 37 00 00 F4 08 - 43 35 31 3A F3 FC 01 00 I7J7 ôC51:óü
0000A0 E5 45 41 43 48 5F 32 20 - 4A 50 47 20 18 90 6B 97 åEACH_2 JPG k—
0000B0 49 37 49 37 00 00 D7 6A - 44 35 30 3B 0B 26 03 00 I7I7 ×jD50; &
0000C0 E5 45 41 43 48 4E 43 20 - 4A 50 47 20 18 0A 6C 97 åEACHNC JPG l—
0000D0 49 37 49 37 00 00 94 91 - 4C 35 C4 3C C6 33 03 00 I7I7 ”‘L5Ä<Æ3
0000E0 E5 4D 47 5F 31 37 37 39 - 4A 50 47 20 00 2E 09 98 åMG_1779JPG . ˜
0000F0 49 37 4C 37 00 00 D7 72 - 49 37 5E 3E 64 B2 4D 00 I7L7 ×rI7^>d²M
000100 E5 4D 47 5F 31 37 38 37 - 4A 50 47 20 00 97 0D 98 åMG_1787JPG — ˜
000110 49 37 4C 37 00 00 84 75 - 49 37 38 65 D8 FC 36 00 I7L7 „uI78eØü6
000120 E5 4D 47 5F 31 37 37 38 - 4A 50 47 20 00 A2 10 98 åMG_1778JPG ¢˜
000130 49 37 4A 37 00 00 D5 72 - 49 37 B7 80 3A 3A 41 00 I7J7 ÕrI7·€::A
000140 E5 4D 47 5F 32 33 38 30 - 4A 50 47 20 00 3F 4E A4 åMG_2380JPG ?N¤
000150 49 37 4A 37 00 00 14 9A - 30 35 44 16 DD AF 22 00 I7J7 š05Dݯ"
000160 E5 4D 47 5F 32 33 37 39 - 4A 50 47 20 00 21 51 A4 åMG_2379JPG !Q¤
000170 49 37 4C 37 00 00 12 9A - 30 35 9C 27 96 42 1F 00 I7L7 š05œ'–B
000180 E5 4D 47 5F 32 33 39 34 - 4A 50 47 20 00 05 87 A4 åMG_2394JPG ‡¤
000190 49 37 4C 37 00 00 15 7D - 38 35 55 A1 30 F6 35 00 I7L7 }85U¡0ö5
0001A0 E5 4D 47 5F 31 38 33 31 - 4A 50 47 20 00 1C CA A4 åMG_1831JPG ʤ
0001B0 49 37 4C 37 00 00 14 51 - CD 34 51 BC 7F D3 31 00 I7L7 QÍ4Q¼Ó1
0001C0 E5 4D 47 5F 31 38 32 34 - 4A 50 47 20 00 09 CD A4 åMG_1824JPG ͤ
0001D0 49 37 4A 37 00 00 56 70 - CC 34 3B D5 CE 04 16 00 I7J7 VpÌ4;ÕÎ
0001E0 E5 4D 47 5F 31 38 32 39 - 4A 50 47 20 00 46 CE A4 åMG_1829JPG FΤ
0001F0 49 37 4C 37 00 00 D3 4E - CD 34 3E E0 94 5F 25 00 I7L7 ÓNÍ4>à”_%
Subdirectory
000000 2E 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 - 20 20 20 10 00 47 22 4D . G"M
000010 03 39 03 39 00 00 23 4D - 03 39 1D 53 00 00 00 00 99 #M9 S
000020 2E 2E 20 20 20 20 20 20 - 20 20 20 10 00 47 22 4D .. G"M
000030 03 39 03 39 00 00 23 4D - 03 39 00 00 00 00 00 00 99 #M9
000040 41 55 54 4F 45 58 45 43 - 42 41 54 20 00 4C 22 4D AUTOEXECBAT L"M
000050 03 39 03 39 00 00 94 73 - 27 1F 1E 53 E0 02 00 00 99 ”s' Sà
000060 41 55 54 4F 45 58 45 43 - 44 43 53 20 00 51 22 4D AUTOEXECDCS Q"M
000070 03 39 03 39 00 00 45 7B - E3 1E 20 53 C1 02 00 00 99 E{ã SÁ
000080 41 58 20 20 20 20 20 20 - 42 41 54 20 00 57 22 4D AX BAT W"M
000090 03 39 03 39 00 00 36 79 - 39 1C 22 53 57 00 00 00 99 6y9 "SW
0000A0 42 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 - 42 41 54 20 00 5C 22 4D B BAT \"M
0000B0 03 39 03 39 00 00 25 61 - 6A 24 23 53 4C 00 00 00 99 %aj$#SL
0000C0 42 41 43 4B 53 45 57 20 - 42 41 54 20 00 62 22 4D BACKSEW BAT b"M
0000D0 03 39 03 39 00 00 E8 51 - 8F 38 24 53 8A 01 00 00 99 èQ8$SŠ
0000E0 42 4B 20 20 20 20 20 20 - 42 41 54 20 00 67 22 4D BK BAT g"M
0000F0 03 39 03 39 00 00 73 6C - 82 25 25 53 37 02 00 00 99 sl‚%%S7
000100 42 55 49 4C 44 41 4C 4C - 42 41 54 20 00 6B 22 4D BUILDALLBAT k"M
000110 03 39 03 39 00 00 AE 7A - 8F 32 27 53 C8 0F 00 00 99 ®z2'SÈ
000120 43 43 35 20 20 20 20 20 - 42 41 54 20 00 72 22 4D CC5 BAT r"M
000130 03 39 03 39 00 00 48 8D - FA 38 2F 53 E8 00 00 00 99 Hú8/Sè
000140 43 43 38 36 20 20 20 20 - 42 41 54 20 00 78 22 4D CC86 BAT x"M
000150 03 39 03 39 00 00 BA 94 - 89 28 30 53 1D 02 00 00 99 º”‰(0S
000160 43 43 53 43 35 20 20 20 - 42 41 54 20 00 7D 22 4D CCSC5 BAT }"M
000170 03 39 03 39 00 00 09 71 - 8A 1E 32 53 36 00 00 00 99 qŠ 2S6
000180 43 43 5A 35 20 20 20 20 - 42 41 54 20 00 83 22 4D CCZ5 BAT ƒ"M
000190 03 39 03 39 00 00 A0 5A - 5C 25 33 53 5A 00 00 00 99 Z\%3SZ
0001A0 43 46 44 4C 4C 20 20 20 - 42 41 54 20 00 86 22 4D CFDLL BAT †"M
0001B0 03 39 03 39 00 00 69 B5 - CA 24 34 53 0A 01 00 00 99 iµÊ$4S
0001C0 43 46 4F 52 4D 41 54 20 - 42 41 54 20 00 8E 22 4D CFORMAT BAT Ž"M
0001D0 03 39 03 39 00 00 7C 72 - 98 19 35 53 E1 01 00 00 99 |r˜5Sá
0001E0 43 4F 4D 50 49 4C 45 20 - 42 41 54 20 00 92 22 4D COMPILE BAT ’"M
0001F0 03 39 03 39 00 00 23 07 - A6 1A 36 53 DD 00 00 00 99 #¦6SÝ
Each 0x20 byte entry used to be a file on early DOS versions, but now the structure has been enhanced (see later) to allow for names longer than 8.3. However, it is fully compatible and the first character in the entry can have two control values. If it is set to 0xE5 then the entry is a deleted file. If it is set to 0x00, then this is the ned of the directory file. Any other value is the first character of the file name.
The two sectors above all have short 8.3 file names, all upper case.
The record structure is as follows
Bytes 0x00-0x0A File name as 8 characters then thre characters extension. The '.' is automatically added
Byte 0x0B File attribute